Macronutrients and Micronutrients

Macronutrients, often known as energy providing nutrients, contain 4 kcal of protein, 9 kcal of fat, and 4 kcal of carbohydrate per gram. When it comes to adequate macronutrient consumption, it's vital to consider the percentage (percent energy) of total nutrient intake, as well as the quantity and quality of each nutrient, from the standpoints of avoiding excess and deficiency, as well as preventing cardiovascular disease. If increasing certain nutrients results in a decrease in other nutrients, it is required to consume three right proportions of macronutrients for the same absorbed energy. Dietary macronutrient composition has received a lot of attention in an attempt to figure out what proportion of nutrients leads to greater and more long-term weight loss.

Micronutrients are compounds that are only necessary in trace amounts but help the body grow, develop, and maintain itself. Vitamins and minerals are the most prevalent micronutrients (e.g., iron, zinc, vitamins A, D, E, and K). Micronutrients, as well as the other components discussed earlier, are absorbed in the small intestine. Because to the micronutrient's reactivity, poor solubility, or lack of stability, absorption in the small intestine may be hampered.